The Fox & Bear Lodge would be honored to host your next special event! At the Fox & Bear Lodge, your hosts Brant and Dearrick strive to create for their guests an experience that is truly unique. Brunches, private parties celebrating special occasions, weddings, and/or pre or post-wedding gatherings are elevated with sophisticated touches your hosts can provide. Stunning floral arrangements, beautifully displayed foods both savory and sweet, signature cocktails, or a mixed fruits mimosa bar: these are just a few of the elements that your guests would encounter at an event hosted at The Fox & Bear Lodge. If you are looking to hold a one-of-a-kind gathering that your family and friends are sure to remember, consider holding it at our Lodge. We look forward to serving you.

SkyView Golf Club is New Jersey’s most scenic wedding venue. With over 190 acres of property, a rustic log cabin, and a barn complete with silos, you will have a picturesque setting for your wedding 365 days a year. Our outdoor ceremony area provides a unique backdrop with breathtaking panoramic views of Sussex County. SkyView offers an intimate and charming setting for your memorable wedding day. Our rustic cocktail hour room offers floor to ceiling sliding glass doors that will give you and your guests a beautiful view of our plush green golf course, as well as a kaleidoscopic mountain view and stunning sunsets. Our elegant ballroom provides the perfect ambiance for your wedding day. This classic space features 15-foot-high majestic string lit ceilings as well as floor to ceiling windows, to ensure you never miss the incredible scenery SkyView has to offer.

A historic property with timeless beauty, Sylvan Ridge Farm is nestled into a wooded mountainside overlooking the Delaware River Valley. Our mid-19th century farmhouse, cottage, and event barn have been revitalized with design insights from renowned architect Peter Bohlin and the meticulous skill of Pennsylvania Amish craftsmen to create a truly unique gathering place. Guests enjoy total solitude on the secluded 193 acres, yet the farm is only 10 minutes away from Interstate 84, historic Milford, PA, and Port Jervis, NY, with easy access from New York City via train, bus, or car. We specialize in long-format weddings, where one couple has exclusive venue access for a full weekend and can have their rehearsal dinner, brunch, or other side events at no additional charge. Overnight lodging for up to 16 guests and professional month-of coordination are included in every package!

Crossed Keys Estate is a luxury wedding venue situated one hour outside of New York City in Andover, NJ. This lush property is nestled on 30+ acres of gardens, meadows, and old buildings that pay homage to its storied past. Brand new to the Estate is the Conservatory, a beautiful glass-enclosed building, that hosts the most magical cocktail hour! Crossed Keys Estate hosts weddings for 100 guests or more with a maximum of 275.

For over a century patrons have found comfort in this historic building nestled in the heights of the Meadowlands, presently home to Ivy Inn. Opened in the 1870’s as a stagecoach inn, travelers in horse and carriage along Polifly Road (later named Terrace Avenue) stopped here to eat and drink in the tavern below and sleep in one of six guest quarters above. After the turn of the 20th century, the inn evolved into a fine dining restaurant (a popular speakeasy during Prohibition), but eventually fell into disrepair. On Valentine’s Day of 1997, after extensive restoration, the inn once again opened its doors for fine dining, renamed Ivy Inn. Ivy, the symbol of love and marriage, has proven to be a fitting name. Since reopening, the restaurant has witnessed countless marriage proposals, weddings and anniversary celebrations. Continuing its long legacy of hospitality, the inn is once again a Bergen County favorite and continues to inspire cherished memories for many years to come.

The Barrow House features two separate outdoor tents and seven unique rooms capable of playing host to a variety of private events. From intimate dinners to large scale events, we are happy to accommodate. We proudly offer you a meticulously designed spaced, hand crafted specialty cocktails and elevated comfort food. We hope to make your event a day your guests will talk about for years to come. The Barrow House is one of four restaurants owned by Skopos Hospitality. Each of our spaces have their own concept meant to transport you to a different time and atmosphere. Though each restaurant is unique, you can expect the same quality of food and beverage, as well as warm hospitality.

Nanina’s In the Park is a New Jersey Landmark nestled in the cherry blossoms. You are invited to view the beautiful picturesque setting within a historical park which creates a picture perfect ambiance for both intimate weddings to large corporate events. Nanina’s in the Park has been hosting weddings for over 65 years and provides an experience that is second to none. The lavishly manicured grounds and traditional architecture provide the perfect scenery for an outdoor ceremony and cocktail hour. Our famous cherry gardens and Tuscan style villa will create the perfect backdrop which you must see-to-believe, and together with our exceptional cuisine and service will make your event unforgettable.

Forest Hill Field Club is one of the premiere Banquet venues in the Tri-State area, servicing Members and Non-Members alike. Greeted with a glass of champagne or wine upon arrival, guests will step into the unique Wedding Reception that has been created just for you by the Forest Hill's best Event Staff. They will assist in creating the Wedding Reception of your dreams, carefully outlining every detail so you can enjoy this special time with family and friends. Above all, making sure that the wedding is fully customized to your wants and needs. Every aspect of your Wedding Celebration will be personalized and customized to meet your specific requests.

Are you looking for a private event venue to host your next corporate event, wedding reception, Holiday party, or birthday party? Pinstripes provides the perfect event space to meet whatever your party or group event needs! We offer a variety of flexible room sizes, awesome menu options, and fun group activities including bowling and bocce ball. When looking for where to host your next private event, do it with the seasoned experts at Pinstripes. We can help you eliminate the stress of planning large events by walking you through the entire process. From food options and party size availability to drinks choices and theme options, the team at Pinstripes is eager and ready to make your next event an easy and memorable one for everyone.

We have 45 yachts in our fleet sailing from NY & NJ. They are ideal for groups of 12 to 1,200 guests. We appeal to the couple who is looking for something unique and festive, yet classy. We are definitely not cookie-cutter. You and your guests will enjoy dining, dancing, sightseeing and celebrating while sailing on the Hudson Harbor. Our wedding packages include a number of amenities, which differ from boat to boat.

Marketing Manager for Duran Entities Holdings. Also owners of VENTANAS Restaurant & Lounge and Sowing Seed School. We specialize in hospitality Excellence and Education. Our locations, services, hospitality, food quality, ambiance, and overall experience are superb. Son Cubano is directly on the water overlooking NYC with breathtaking views.

Envue offers a selection of sophisticated event spaces ideal for both grand and intimate gatherings. From expansive ballrooms and outdoor rooftop space with stunning views of the Manhattan skyline to modern conference rooms bathed in natural light, these venues offer a sleek backdrop for meetings and social functions, ensuring a truly unforgettable experience.

The Montclair Bread Company has been open since 2012. Rabble Rise, the new identity of Montclair Bread Company, is a retail and wholesale doughnut bakery, event space, and caterer. We cater outside events, such as weddings and anniversaries. We also host parties in our New Paltz and Montclair locations. We just love a celebration. (please note the maximum seated capacity within our Montclair bakery is 30 guests)

We are privately located in the beautiful, secluded Garret Mountains, overlooking Northern New Jersey. With stunning views of the magnificent countryside, our location is picturesque whether enjoyed indoors or outdoors. We offer quiet seclusion, easy accessibility with gorgeous gardens. For the picture-perfect setting along with the grandeur of timeless elegance in our spacious Ballrooms, it is a must see.

As you step into this stunning waterfront venue, you are greeted by sweeping views of the tranquil waters, casting a mesmerizing spell over your ceremony. Imagine exchanging vows against the backdrop of a radiant sunset, with the shimmering waters providing an awe-inspiring canvas for your love story. Or picture an elegant soirée where guests mingle amidst chic décor, savoring exquisite cuisine expertly crafted to tantalize the senses. At Riverview Ballroom, every detail is meticulously curated to elevate your event to new heights of splendor. From the impeccable service to the sumptuous culinary offerings, every aspect is tailored to exceed your expectations and create a seamless, unforgettable experience.

From the most intimate to grandest wedding, The MC has stunning spaces and exceptional service to ensure your celebration is everything you could imagine. Gallery-inspired spaces with natural lighting and local art featuring clean palettes so your wedding colors pop. A rooftop ideal for first-look or post-ceremony photos with New York City as your background. Catering from the exceptional Allegory restaurant and an expert, friendly team. It's all part of your big day, the MC way.

Wow your guests with our contemporary art gallery space, offering an incredible atmosphere of unpretentious elegance and sophistication. Our intimate gallery and beautiful artwork leaves little need for added decor. We work with many local caterers and vendors who can guide you through the process to ensure a smooth event. This intimate event space presents a dramatic backdrop for any private event, whether social or corporate. Barsky Gallery is truly a unique space, particularly for Hoboken. Conveniently located on the street level of Hoboken's Chambord Place, just 5 minutes from the Holland Tunnel, and 15 minutes from the Lincoln Tunnel. A short 15 minute walk from Hoboken PATH and NJ Transit, or 5 minutes by taxi. On-street, garage, and valet parking available.

Terminal 5 is a swank multilevel event venue offering a distinct room environment with its 40-foot ceilings and high-tech sound and lighting. The venue includes three floors of raw event space hosting everything from corporate functions and non-profit galas to weddings, movie premieres, and fashion shows. Recently renovated in 2019, Terminal 5 features a revamped roof deck, multiple bars, seating areas, green rooms, ample bathrooms, nearby parking and an easy load-in/out.

The Glasshouse is a modern and elegant venue with views of the New York City skyline and Hudson River. Newly completed in 2021, the acclaimed venue is operated by a team of experienced and agile professionals that apply leading service standards to deliver remarkable experiences.

Congratulations! It's time to celebrate your special day! Whether your nuptials will be shared in iconic Central Park, you're jumping the broom in the New York Botanical Garden, you're holding a beautiful ceremony at the famous Loeb Boathouse, make yourself and your guests at home at Arthouse Hotel on the Upper West Side. Unlike any other hotel, Arthouse has your wedding needs covered with an array of event space ranging from our Arthouse Wine Bar to our 16th-floor rooftop terrace with panoramic views of the Upper West Side skyline. In between events, your guests can relax in spacious loft-style rooms, some of which feature balconies overlooking the Hudson River and our surrounding neighborhood. Arthouse Hotel is centrally located near all of the Upper West Side’s fabulous landmarks, including The Metropolitan Opera, Lincoln Center, the American Museum of Natural History, and so much more. You dreamed of a New York City wedding, and Arthouse Hotel is here to make it a reality.

Tavern on the Green offers a magical and romantic setting for your upcoming wedding celebration. Located in Central Park, this iconic, landmark restaurant has numerous indoor and outdoor event spaces that will provide a truly extraordinary backdrop for your wedding ceremony and reception. Enjoy an elegant meal in one of the historic Tavern’s indoor spaces, which feature vaulted ceilings, exposed beams, and a luxurious décor, or dine al fresco in the Courtyard, or South Terrace, where twinkling bistro lights and spectacular views of the Manhattan skyline and the lush Central Park landscape will make your celebration extra special. The experienced events team at Tavern on the Green will work with you from start to finish to make your dream wedding a reality, and its skilled culinary team will prepare gourmet cuisine that is sure to impress all in attendance. Host your wedding celebration at Tavern on the Green and it will be the happiest day of your life!

Arte Cafe on the Upper West Side is located in a landmark brownstone, steps away from Central Park and just west of beautiful Strawberry Fields. Celebrating 25 years of service, this family-owned restaurant presents an upscale Italian cuisine with artisanal homemade pizzas and gourmet desserts. Our unique location features exposed rustic brick walls, ornate black chandeliers, and Scalamandre’s iconic zebra wallpaper, creating an atmospheric motif throughout. We have up to four private event rooms available for special occasions at all budgets. Each room is also connectable for those whose guest list just keeps on growing! All areas accommodate small intimate parties and larger scale events. Our priority is finding the right fit and combination for you based on your preferences!

The Italian Academy for Advanced Studies is a fellowship program for post-doctoral scholars, who work in offices on the fourth and fifth floors of Columbia University's Casa Italiana building, the Academy's home on the main Morningside campus. (We also produce a variety of prestigious public events.) The building is located on Amsterdam Avenue just south of 118th Street. Wedding celebrations are most often in the Teatro, the 2nd-floor 2000-sq-foot ballroom with an adjacent outdoor terrace. We give several options for superb full-service caterers who consistently provide excellent food and service at fair prices. The Italian Academy provides a Public Safety guard, custodial cleaner, optional chairs and AV equipment, and a house manager to assist with making your planning easy and pleasant. We often hear that however beautiful the photos our visitors have seen may be, they only appreciate the space fully during a visit. So we look forward to meeting you--and congratulations.

The New York Public Library for the Performing Arts — celebrated for its extensive archival collections, and benefiting from a recent extensive renovation — is now making its facilities available for rent! The Library's spaces can accommodate a variety of events like luncheons, cocktail receptions, dinners, & outdoor terrace events. Located in the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts complex on Manhattan’s Upper West Side, the Library is easily accessible via Lincoln Center Plaza or West 65th Street. Convenient to all forms of public transportation and with nearby parking facilities, it is surrounded by restaurants, hotels, and cultural attractions. The New York Public Library for the Performing Arts offers several entertaining spaces and a 200-seat auditorium for your next special event, from intimate receptions and gala dinners to lectures, performances, and film screenings. Hold a reception for 50-300 guests, a seated dinner for 50, or a private concert or award ceremony for 200.

Welcome to the beautiful Penthouse 45! Located in the heart of Hell's Kitchen this gorgeous hidden gem of a venue is absolutely perfect for your intimate NYC wedding. Featuring hard wood floors, a restored fireplace, and a wraparound terrace where your guest can marvel at the stunning NYC skyline and watch the sun set over the Hudson River. Ideal for small weddings and receptions.

Porchlight is a New York bar with a Southern accent from Danny Meyer's Union Square Hospitality Group, located in the historic Terminal Warehouse on Manhattan’s west side. Offering flexible spaces, a menu of elevated Southern comfort foods, and an ever-evolving cocktail program, Porchlight throws a party to suit any occasion.

Located at 518 W 30th St, O’Toole’s Way is in the heart of Hudson Yards. This elevated neighborhood tavern is located just steps away from the high line and The Vessel. O’Toole’s Way features inventive and delicious dishes grounded by classic techniques and a cocktail menu centered around seasonal ingredients, and is lovingly referred to as “Hudson Yards’ Neighborhood Tavern”, an Irish-American influenced restaurant and bar, celebrating vintage New York City.

With beautiful venues and a prime Hoboken location, our hotel offers the ideal setting for your wedding. Say your I dos in our stunning, light-filled Great Room venue, which accommodates up to 200 guests. Punctuated by Manhattan skyline views, Lulu's Outdoor Patio is an amazing venue for smaller events. Dance the night away under 19 foot ceilings with skylights, and dine on perfectly prepared cuisine. Thrill your guests with our stylish hotel accommodations and close proximity to NYC.

Host your dream wedding on the water aboard a unique floating venue with exceptional views! City Cruises offers chef-prepared menu options, full bar service, and all-inclusive packages that can be customized to fit your budget, style, and party size. From ceremonies to receptions, rehearsal dinners, or any wedding-related event, you and your guests will love our distinctive hospitality, climate-controlled interior, open-air outdoor decks, and breathtaking views from the water. Turn your dream wedding into an unforgettable celebration.

The Glasshouses, a venue located in Manhattan’s Chelsea neighborhood, has floor to ceiling windows making it a striking place for your wedding reception or ceremony. The view available to those at Glasshouses is incredible, one can overlook the Hudson River, Downtown, as well as Midtown Manhattan. For those who are in love with the landscape of New York City, the Glasshouses panorama will strum your heartstrings. The Glasshouses consist of two event spaces that may be booked individually or as a pair for large wedding celebrations. Both spaces have a clean white canvas look, perfect to create your wedding vision around. Glasshouse 21 comes equipped with a stunning balcony for you and your guest’s evening cocktail amongst the city lights. The Glasshouses are fully customizable spaces that can be completely transformed with the use of additional décor and lighting. For a romantic wedding amongst the clouds look no further than The Glasshouses.

Welcome to The Ainsworth! We bring a sophisticated touch to the classic all-American sports bar, restaurant, and private event experience. With signature cocktails, a sophisticated menu, an incredible view of Manhattan, and waterfront vibes, The Ainsworth Hoboken has it all. We offer multi-purpose spaces for your favorite events and include full-scale restaurants, lounges, and bars. You've come to the right place.

The Mariner III is a United States Coast Guard certified Yacht built in 1926, America's Golden Age. Enjoy entertaining with a view, as your guests enjoy the scenic views of the Statue of Liberty, the Brooklyn, Manhattan and Williamsburg Bridges, and the Manhattan Skyline. Enjoy 122 feet of Luxury, comfort and style as the Staff caters to your every need, tasting the exquisite cuisine prepared by the onboard Chef. The Mariner III offers private Yacht entertaining for 2 to 90 guests, inquire today!

Located within New York’s iconic Chelsea Piers, The Pier Sixty Collection offers three alluring waterfront venues: The Lighthouse, Current, and Pier Sixty. (See more under Rooms/Events Spaces) Each boasting floor-to-ceiling windows, sweeping waterfront views, and vast design opportunities to bring your vision to life. With particular expertise in event management and execution, our team works alongside each client to provide a seamless event experience from start to finish. Our renowned culinary team, led by Executive Chef Matt Tiscornia, offers seasonal and innovative menus and engaging presentations.

Biagio's & The Terrace is a banquet hall and wedding venue situated in Paramus, New Jersey. The Terrace is a part of the Biagio Ristorante and the two locations neighbor each other. For over a quarter of a century, the staff has been helping couples celebrate with an elegant and refined event. Their experienced banquet managers can create weddings in a variety of styles and sizes, making a couple’s nuptial dream a reality.

City Winery offers the romance and unique style of a rustic winery wedding with the ease of a full-service wedding venue. With amazing live music capabilities, delectable culinary creations, an award-winning wine program, and stunning outdoor event space, City Winery has everything you need to make your next private event an unforgettable experience. With the ability to host everything from small intimate rehearsal dinners to elaborate weddings, our experienced events team is at your service to help you bring your dream winery wedding to life. Ceremonies and receptions at City Winery may be completely customized to reflect your personality, and we love working with couples to achieve their unique vision for the big day. Host your wedding, commitment ceremony, or elopement ceremony in wine country luxury!

The Vale Public House tells the story of a Scottish expat who came to New York and spent his time as bartender entertaining and serving customers on the Upper East Side of Manhattan for the last 20 years meeting his partner, whose entire family hails from Kearny New Jersey. reating an atmosphere welcoming to anyone, The Vale is the safe space in the neighborhood where the customer's comfort can be achieved at any level. Authentically Scottish, The Vale's half pint pours, comfort food and social snugs provides its customers with a hometown hangout vibe and a place that everyone can call "theirs".

It is our pleasure to meet with you in person for a tour of The Grand or “virtually” via FaceTime, Skype or Zoom. Call or email us and we’ll happily schedule a time to meet with you however you feel most comfortable. Now, as always, offering you a truly personalized experience is our highest priority.

With the feel of a sophisticated New York loft space, Anitque Loft is a unique waterfront New Jersey venue for weddings with sweeping views of the NYC & Hoboken skyline – unobstructed view from the Empire State Building to the Freedom Tower. Boasting a total 4,000 square feet of flexible event space, it is a blank canvas where your wedding dreams come true. The Loft also provides unique and unparalleled cuisine by top caterer from the owners of Antique Bar & Bakery in Hoboken. Let us provide you with the backdrop for a picturesque sunset wedding ceremony overlooking NYC & Hoboken where each client is accommodated by a specialized team of event professionals and recommended vendors that will handle even the smallest of details to ensure beautiful and memorable occasions.

Your forever starts here. A stunning new space in the center of the city featuring world-class interiors, natural light, exemplary service and unforgettable amenities that will make your special day one to remember. Pendry Manhattan West offers a suite of special event spaces that can accommodate everything from an intimate family celebration to a wedding for 80 guests. And each and every one is our very best. As it should be. Ballroom The 5th floor is home to two distinct ballrooms ranging in size from 583 to 1027 square feet, offering an intimate approach to larger scale events and celebrations that allows for customization and elevated personal style. Gallery A 500 square foot open concept space on the 5th floor that suits intimate celebrations, private ceremonies and smaller scale weddings. Salon & Terrace A stunning setting for rehearsal dinners, cocktail hour and more, the 2000 square foot Salon & Terrace offers indoor and outdoor areas, a lounge and standout marble bar.

Tucked between 9th and 10th Avenues in the heart of Manhattan West, Ci Siamo offers live-fire cooking and homemade pastas from celebrated Chef Hillary Sterling served alongside a robust Italian wine list. With private dining options to suit every occasion, the restaurant features floor-to-ceiling windows, views of the Empire State Building, a private bar, and an adjacent outdoor terrace. Celebrating the beauty of simplicity, Chef Hillary Sterling centers her Italian-inflected menu around live-fire cooking and seasonal ingredients, bridging the traditional with the contemporary in a transportive yet familiar space.

Sicily Osteria is a villa style, neighborhood restaurant inspired by Sicilian cuisine. Located on NYC’s historic Restaurant Row, Sicily Osteria is a lively restaurant in the heart of New York. We use the best ingredients and provide a great atmosphere. A true Villa, we have 4 full floors of event spaces and up to 6 private event spaces available for special occasions at all budgets. All areas can accommodate small intimate parties as well as larger scale events. Our priority is finding the right fit and combination for you based on your preferences!

With over 13,000 sq ft, in the heart of the vibrant Hudson Yards, Daylight Studio is the perfect destination to host your next event. Equipped with state-of-the-art audio-visual capabilities for an unforgettable personalized experience, our versatile setup and extensive services & amenities offers an ideal solution for Corporate Events & Conferences, Workshops & Seminars, PR Events & Product Launches, Trade Shows, Fashion Presentations, Weddings, Private Parties and all other events. Our in-house events team has a vast network of vendors and years of experience to guide you from start to finish and insure that your event is a success.

Dear Irving on Hudson is located on the 40th and 41st Floors of the Aliz Hotel near Times Square. The bi-level space, accommodates up to 300 guests, making it the highest open-air penthouse in the city for enjoying craft cocktails. The space offers James Bond and Art Deco time travel themes, sublime cocktails by Bar Director and Partner Meaghan Dorman, spectacular views of Manhattan through floor to ceiling windows, luxurious terraces, as well as dining options.

Bottino in Chelsea offers a charming and sophisticated venue with a warm and inviting atmosphere. The venue’s garden and rustic interior create a unique backdrop for weddings. Guests enjoy the exceptional service and delectable Italian cuisine, providing a memorable dining experience. The professional staff ensures a smooth event, managing every detail from planning to execution. Bottino provides a distinctive and intimate setting, ideal for those who appreciate excellent food and a cozy ambiance.

Welcome to Yves Jadot Group’s newest speakeasy-inspired cocktail parlor, Dear Irving on Broadway. Following the success of Dear Irving Gramercy and Dear Irving on Hudson, our third location brings exquisite cocktails and events while overlooking the Theater District. Inspired by films like Babylon and Nightmare Alley, guests will be transported back to the 1930s, a time when theater and live performances offered a vital escape from the hardships of the Great Depression. Our venue features luxurious indoor and outdoor bars, plush lounge seating, and a small stage for DJs & bands. Dear Irving on Broadway Rooftop is the perfect backdrop for your ceremony and/ or reception. Award-winning Bar Director Meghan Dorman’s cocktail menu pays tribute to Broadway legends past and present, while Chef Franco Barrio offers eclectic event food inspired by New York City classics. We look forward to hosting your journey, cocktails in hand. Yours sincerely, Dear Irving on Broadway

Shelly Fireman’s Redeye Grill has been a dining staple in midtown Manhattan for over 25 years. Located directly across from Carnegie Hall, the Redeye Grill's name is derived from the infamous late-night flight linking America’s two cultural hubs: New York City and Los Angeles. Whether you have 20 guests or 500, your event can be accommodated in a host of spaces in the Heart of NYC. Fresh flowers, place cards, AV equipment, and musicians or anything else you may need for your event will be arranged at your request.

Matching the artistry and grandeur of the world’s most iconic music hall, the private event spaces at Carnegie Hall lend elegance and style to your wedding. Just two blocks south of Central Park, the historic landmark is conveniently situated in the theater district of Manhattan and is the ideal setting for a magical wedding. Constellation, our on-site exclusive culinary partner, will bring your vision to life with delicious fare presented beautifully and served with choreographed precision!

Our humble beginnings start with our Italian heritage. Il Tulipano began as one of the best Italian restaurants in New Jersey, celebrating the traditions of the Polimeni family. At Il Tulipano, you’re gaining more than one of the best wedding venues in New Jersey. You aren’t a faceless person with your name and check attached to a date. By focusing on only one bride at a time, we can ensure no stone is unturned, no detail forgotten, and every moment is as magical as you imagined. Not to mention, you get to benefit from our award-winning chefs, exemplary service, gorgeous grounds, and an irrefutable Italian zeal.